(b Serpukhov, 1888; d Moscow, 1976). Russian photographer. After graduating from a school of commerce and chemical technology he worked in Ivan Sytin’s zincographic workshop. In 1911 he joined Karl Fisher’s photographic studio, where he trained as a portrait photographer. In 1917–20 he was a photographer at the Armoured Vehicles Academy. From 1922 to 1930 he exhibited at photographic shows and received numerous awards in Europe, North America and Japan. He was a member of the Russian Photographic Society and an editor of the journal Fotograf. In 1928–30 he taught basic photography to trade union groups and in 1931 founded the Moscow Industrial Union’s first school of photography. From 1934 he taught photography at the Moscow Printing Institute, where he developed the ‘bromochromotype’, a three-colour positive printing technique (which he used in his photograph Red Flag, 1930s), and he experimented in the design of photographic equipment. He was known for his psychological portraits, such as Old Man (1925), and for soft-toned landscapes (e.g. Pines at Tsaritsyno, 1925) that were often reminiscent of the work of 19th-century photographers, themselves influenced by paintings by the Wanderers.