(b Rheydt, Ruhr, 19 July 1803; d Düsseldorf, 20 Feb 1889). German painter. He studied at the Düsseldorf Kunstakademie (1822–31) and was recognized as a master of genre and flower painting by 1830. In 1835 he studied the Dutch masters at The Hague and Amsterdam; he also went on two study trips to Italy (1840 and 1842). He continued training in Munich and gradually began to expand his early, small-scale landscapes in the manner of Jan Breughel the elder by adding still-life motifs. By the mid-1840s he had settled on the formula that won him success: small-scale, pure still-lifes, usually of fruit. Works such as Fruit on a Porcelain Dish (1832; Berlin, Tiergarten, N.G.) moved beyond the constraints of the traditional vanitas still-life to the joy of pure decoration. His work is notable for its precise drawing, scrupulous detail, fresh colour and brilliant enamel-like texture. He also sometimes used trompe l’oeil effects. His Still-life with Fruit (1869; Milwaukee, WI, A. Mus.) exemplifies the artist’s abiding fascination with close, natural observation. The painting glows with a jewel-like finish enhanced by brilliant glazes. This kind of exquisite craftsmanship established his reputation as the foremost technician of the Düsseldorf school. His lifelong dedication to improving his work never wavered, though his late years may have witnessed a decline in his powers of concentration. Preyer, whose daughter Emilie Preyer (1849–1930) was a still-life painter, was only 1 m tall, as was his brother, the landscape painter Gustav Preyer (1801–39).

• Preyer, Johann Wilhelm
  • Hasenclever, Johann Peter