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Guan Tong [Kuan T’ung]
(b Chang’an [now Xi’an], Shaanxi Province; fl AD 907–23). Chinese painter. He was active at the court of the Later Liang dynasty (907–23) at Nanjing. Guo Ruoxu (see CHINA, §V, 5(i)) placed him in the highest category of painters, equated with Li Cheng and Fan Kuan: ‘These three masters stand like the legs of a tripod, and they will serve as models for a hundred generations’ (Soper, p. 19). Such esteem is substantiated by the relatively large number of paintings attributed (Chang Chao and others, Shih-ch’ü pao-chi, 1745) to Guan in the imperial collection of Huizong, of which only three remained later (Chang Chao and others, Shih-ch’ü pao-chi, 1745) (Xuanhe huapu). His work did not receive unqualified approval, however. Mi Fu wrote that he had seen 20 of his paintings and ‘the human figures in them are vulgar’ (Sirén, p. 191).
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