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(1) Spoilum [Guan Zuolin; Kuan Tso-lin; Spilem; Spillem]
(b Nanhai, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; fl 1770–1810). According to a gazetteer of the district (Nanhai xian zhi, 1910 edn, juan 21, p. 8a), he travelled in Europe and America, where he was impressed by the realism of Western oil painting; his travels no doubt explain the similarities of his style to that of contemporary North American portrait painters. On his return to Guangzhou, he opened a studio, which probably grew into a family business maintained in the second and third generations by (2) Lamqua (i) and (4) Lamqua (ii).
Part of the Guan family
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