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	Algardi, Alessandro (b Bologna, 31 July 1598; d Rome, 10 June 1654). Italian sculptor, architect and draughtsman. He was, with Gianlorenzo Bernini, the most important sculptor active in Rome in the middle years of the 17th century. After the early death of François Duquesnoy in 1643, Algardi’s work came to represent the classicizing stylistic antithesis to the High Baroque sculpture of Bernini, and the two artists were perceived by their contemporaries as equals and rivals. During Algardi’s first years in Rome, Bernini was the principal sculptor in demand at the court of Urban VIII, and Algardi had to be content with relatively modest commissions given to him by patrons with connections to his native Bologna. It was only during the papacy of Innocent X (1644–55) that he came to true artistic prominence, revealing himself to be one of his century’s greatest relief and portrait sculptors. At a time when few sculptors drew with any skill, Algardi was an accomplished draughtsman, making drawings for his sculptural projects and also original works for engravers. In addition he worked as an architect, though the exact extent of his involvement with the design of many of the buildings with which his name has been associated is unclear.
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	Algardi, Alessandro Antiquaries and antiquarian societies, §2: 17th century Bologna, §II, 2: Art life and organization, after c 1400 Domenichino, §2: Working methods and technique Italy, §IV, 4(ii): Baroque sculpture, c 1600–c 1750: Bologna and Emilia Rome, §III, 5(ii): Art life and organization, 1601–1700: Patronage and collections Rome, §VI: Accademia di S Luca assistants Anguier: (2) Michel Anguier Ferrata, Ercole attributions Franzone Malta, §III, 3: Middle Ages and after: Sculpture collaboration Bernini: (2) Gianlorenzo Bernini, §I, 3(i): Architecture: Early works, additions and restorations Grimaldi, Giovanni Francesco Guidi, Domenico Lucenti, Girolamo Rome, §V, 16: Il Gesù furniture Italy, §VI, 3: Furniture, 1600–1799 Rome, §IV, 3: Centre of production: Furniture and design groups and movements Baroque, §5: Later developments medals Mola (ii): (2) Gasparo Morone Mola patrons and collectors Aragón, Pascual de, Archbishop of Toledo Toledo, §II, 2: Art life and organization, after c 1500 Bird, Francis Bird, Francis Coke, Thomas, 1st Earl of Leicester of the 1st creation (1697-1759) Coke: (1) Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester Francesco I, 8th Duke of Modena and Reggio (reg 1629-58) Este (i): (16) Francesco I d’Este Innocent X, Pope (reg 1644-55) Pamphili: (1) Pope Innocent X Jesuit Order Jesuit Order, §2: Iconography Ludovisi, Ludovico, Cardinal Ludovisi: (2) Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi Pamphili (family) Pamphili Stucco and plasterwork, §III, 10(i)(a): Western world, 1400–1850: Italy Pamphili, Camillo, Prince Pamphili: (2) Camillo Pamphili Sacchetti (family) Sacchetti pupils Brandi, Giacinto Guillain: (2) Simon Guillain Jacquet Raggi, Antonio reproductive prints by others Poilly, de sculpture Italy, §IV, 4(i): Baroque sculpture, c 1600–c 1750: Rome altarpieces Altarpiece, §2(ii)(c): Forms and development: After c 1600 Lanfranco, Giovanni, §6: Naples, 1634–46 Spada: (2) Virgilio Spada altars Baratta: (2) Giovanni Maria Baratta architectural Rome, §V, 21(ii): S Maria in Trastevere: Decoration busts Mola (ii): (1) Gasparo Mola religious Cittadini, Pier Francesco Oratorians, §2: Iconography restorations Praxiteles, §1(ii): Early works statuettes Statuette, §II, 1(iii): Baroque Italy: 17th century tombs Rome, §V, 14(ii)(b): St Peter’s: Decoration Sarcophagus, §III, 3: Renaissance and after Tomb, §VI, 3(i): Western world, c 1600–c 1780: Formal and iconographical developments teachers Carracci, §II: (1) Ludovico Carracci

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